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Timagetus: On Harbors (Fragments)

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On Harbors is a lost Greek geographical work by Timagetus, an author of uncertain date of whom little is known beyond these citations. Its fragments survive mainly in the scholia on Apollonius of Rhodes, which report that Timagetus made the Istros (Danube) rise in the Celtic mountains and divide into two streams, and that the Argonauts sailed home by that route. Two further citations name a Demagetus, a variant that editors assign to Timagetus.

The scholia state that Apollonius followed Timagetus in plotting the Argonauts' return voyage, so these fragments help reveal the sources of the Argonautica and the learning behind it. They also show how early Greek geographers, with little direct knowledge, pictured the great river systems of northern and central Europe.

About this edition. The Greek text comes from the Eulogikon open corpus of public-domain editions (standard reference: FHG IV, Timagetus fr. 1–6). Every word has been analyzed with odyCy, a neural language model for Ancient Greek — click or tap any word for its dictionary form, part of speech, and complete morphology, together with the full entry from the Liddell–Scott–Jones Greek–English Lexicon (LSJ).

Ancient Greek · Geography & Travel
On Harbors (Fragments)
Timagetus · every word parsed
t1a-6
ΠΕΡΙ ΛΙΜΕΝΩΝ. Schol.
1a
Apoll. Rhod. IV, 259: Τιμάγητος δὲ ἐν αʹ Περὶ λιμένων τὸν Ἴστρον φησὶ καταφέρεσθαι ἐκ τῶν Κελτικῶν ὀρῶν, εἶτα ἐκδιδόναι εἰς Κελτικὴν λίμνην· μετὰ δὲ ταῦτα εἰς δύο σχίζεσθαι τὸ ὕδωρ, καὶ τὸ μὲν εἰς τὸν Εὔξεινον πόντον εἰσβάλλειν, τὸ δὲ εἰς τὴν Κελτικὴν θάλασσαν· διὰ δὲ τούτου τοῦ στόματος πλεῦσαι τοὺς Ἀργοναύτας, καὶ ἐλθεῖν εἰς Τυρρηνίαν. Κατακολουθεῖ δὲ αὐτῷ καὶ Ἀπολλώνιος. idem IV, 284: Ἴστρον μιν καλέοντε ς: Τὸν Ἴστρον φησὶν ἐκ τῶν Ὑπερβορέων καταφέρεσθαι καὶ τῶν Ῥιπαίων ὀρῶν· οὕτω δὲ εἶπεν ἀκολουθῶν Αἰσχύλῳ ἐν Λυομένῳ Προμηθεῖ λέγοντι τοῦτο· γενόμενον δὲ μεταξὺ Σκυθῶν καὶ Θρᾳκῶν σχίζεσθαι· καὶ τὸ μὲν (εἰς τὴν καθʼ ἡμᾶς θάλασσαν ἐκβάλλειν ῥεῖθρον· τὸ δὲ) εἰς τὴν Ποντικὴν θάλασσαν ἐκπίπτειν· τὸ δὲ, εἰς τὸν Ἀδριατικὸν κόλπον . [5]
1b
… Οὐδεὶς δὲ ἱστορεῖ, διὰ τούτου τοὺς Ἀργοναύτας εἰσπεπλευκέναι εἰς τὴν ἡμετέραν θάλασσαν, ἔξω Τιμαγήτου, ᾧ ἠκολούθησεν Ἀπολλώνιος. Idem IV, 306: Καλὸν δὲ διὰ στόμ α: Τρία στόματα ἔχει ὁ Ἴστρος· ὧν ἓν λέγεται Καλὸν στόμ α , ὥς φησι Τιμάγητος ἐν τῷ Περὶ λιμένων· εἰς ὅ φησι πλεῦσαι τὸν Ἄψυρτον. [10]
Schol. Apoll. IV, 324: [ Ἀγγούρου ὄρεο ς ] Πλησίον Ἴστρου ποταμοῦ. Μνημονεύει δὲ αὐτοῦ Τιμάγητος ἐν Λιμέσιν. Idem II, 1031: Τὴν Ἀρητιάδα νῆσόν φασιν ὑπὸ Ὀτρήρας τῆς Ἄρεος κατοικισθῆναι.
Περὶ δὲ τῶν ἐν αὐτῇ ὀρνέων μέμνηται Τιμάγητος. Εἰσὶ δὲ σιδηρόπτεροι, αἳ λέγονται Στυμφαλίδες. Idem I, 224: Εἰ δὲ ἐπὶ κίνδυνον αὐτοὺς (τοὺς Ἀργοναύτας) ἔπεμπεν ὁ Πελίας, διὰ τί ὁ υἱὸς αὐτοῦ ἐξήρχετο; καὶ οὗτος μέν φησιν, ἄκοντος τοῦ πατρός.
5
Δημάγητος δὲ, ὅτι ἐκέλευσεν ὁ Πελίας τὴν Ἀργὼ ἀραιοῖς γόμφοις παγῆναι, ἵνα ταχέως ἀπολέσῃ αὐτούς· ὁ δὲ Ἄργος τοὐναντίον πεποίηκεν. Τὸ δὴ πιστὸν ἔχων παρὰ τοῦ τέκτονος ὁ Ἄκαστος ἐπέβη. Stephanus Byz. [5]
: Ἀκτή· οὕτως ἡ Ἀττικὴ ἐκαλεῖτο ἀπὸ Ἀκταίου τινός … Ἔστι καὶ Ἀκτὴ Μαγνησίας, ἀφʼ ἧς Ἄκτιος καὶ Ἐπάκτιος Ἀπόλλων τιμᾶται. Ἔστι καὶ ἑτέρα Ἀκαρνανίας, ἧς μέμνηται Δημάγητος.
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Text: Perseus Digital Library, licensed CC BY-SA. Dictionary: Liddell, Scott & Jones (Perseus, CC BY-SA). Morphology: odyCy — machine parsing, corrected against the AGDT & PROIEL treebanks and Morpheus.
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