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The Excerpta of Vinidarius are a short collection of recipes in the tradition of the Roman cookbook known under the name of Apicius, and are usually printed as an appendix to it. The collection begins with a list of the spices and seasonings to keep in the house, such as saffron, pepper, ginger, laser, myrtle berries, costus, cloves, and Indian nard, followed by a series of brief recipes for meats, fish, and sauces. The language shows the features of late spoken Latin, such as the loss of final m in forms like crocu and costu.
Nothing is known of Vinidarius beyond his name, which may be Germanic, and the collection is generally dated to the fifth or sixth century. It is a small but valuable witness to late Roman cookery and diet, to the trade in spices that continued after the fall of the Western empire, and to the vernacular Latin of the period. It is cited from Jacques André’s edition of Apicius.
About this edition. The Latin text comes from digilibLT, the Digital Library of Late-Antique Latin Texts (edition: Apicius, L' art culinaire, texte établi, traduit et commenté par J. André, Paris 1987 (I ed. 1974) (Collection des Universités de France)), licensed CC BY-NC. Every word has been analyzed with LatinCy, a neural language model for Latin — click or tap any word for its dictionary form, part of speech, and complete morphology, together with the full entry from Lewis & Short’s A Latin Dictionary.
Latin · Didactic & Technical
Excerpta
Vinidarius · every word parsed
ptext.1
crocu, piper, zingiber, lasar, foliu, baca murte, costu, cariofilu, spica Indica, addena, cardamomu, spica nardi.
ptext.2
papaber, semen rude, baca rute, baca lauri, semen aneti, semen api, semen feniculi, semen ligustici, semen eruce, semen coriandri, cuminu, anesu, petroselinu, careu, sisama.
ptext.3
lasaris radices, menta, nepeta, saluia, cupressu, origanum, zyniperum, cepa, gentima, bacas timmi, coriandrum, piretru, ⟨folia⟩ citri, pastinaca, cepa Ascalonia, radices iunci, anetu, puleiu, ciperum, aliu, osprea, samsucu, innula, silpium, cardamomum.
ptext.4
mel, defritu, carinu, piperiu, passu.
ptext.5
nuces maiores, nucleos pineos, amicdula, abellana.
ptext.6
damascena, datilos, uba passa, granata. Haec omnia in loco sicco pone, ne odorem et uirtutem perdant.
1a
Olera diuersa elixa compone et pullina inter se, si uolueris condis liquamine et oleo et bulliat. Teres piper modicum et folium et cum tritura conmisces ouum et tribulas.
1b
Teres ergo folium quantum conpedat cum cerifolio una et quarta parte de lauri baca et medium caulis elixi et folia coriandri et solues de iuscello eius et uaborabis in cinere calido et ad ora ante quam fundas in uasculo, perfundis conditum et sic ponis.
Malbas, porros, betas siue coliclos elixatos, turdos adque esicia de pullu, copadia porcina siue pullina et cetera que in presenti habere poteris, compones uariatim. Teres piper, ligusticum cum uini ueteris p. duo, liquamen p. I, mel p. I, olei aliquantu. Gustata, item permixta et temperata mittis in patinam et fac ut modice ferueat et, cum coquitur, adicies lactes uno, oua dissoluta cum lacte perfundes. Patinam, mox constrinxerit, inferes.
Ponis ofellas in sartagine, adicies liquamen libra una, olei similiter, mellis aliquantum et sic frigis.
Exbromabis diligenter et in sartagine mittis. Friges inogaru. Postea simul cum ipsu inogaru inferes et piper aspargis.
5
[si] In liquamine frigantur et calide melle unguantur et sic inferantur.
Lasar, zingiber, cardamomum et uno acitabulo liquaminis misces cum his omnibus tritis et ibi ofellas coques.
Coquis in liquamine et oleo et, cum mediauerit coctura, tolles. Rapas elixas madidas et minutissime concisas manibus depressabis ut umorem non habeant, et cum pisce obligas et bulliat cum oleo abunde. Et iam bulliuit, teres ciminum, lauri baca dimidia, addes propter colore crocu, amulabis de oridia propter spissitudinem. Superfundes et tunc inferes. Addes modicum acetu.
Teres piper, coriandri semen, lasaris radices, origanu, ruta, cariotam, suffundes acetum, oleum, liquamen, adicies defritum. Haec omnia temperabis et in caccabulo mittis et ferbeat. Cum calefeceris, eosdem pisces superfundes, asperso piper, et inferes.
Teres piper, ligusticu, baca lauri, coriandrum, mel, liquamen, uinu, passu uel carenu temperas. Coques igni lentu, amulo orizie obligas et inferes.
10
Teres piper, ligisticum, saturegia, cipam siccam, suffundes acetu, adicies cariota, anetu, ouorum uitella, mel, acetum, liquamen, oleu, defritu. Haec omnia in uino mixta perfundes.
Friges pisces, teres piper, ligisticum, rutam, condimenta uiridia, cepa sicca. Adicies oleo, ⟨uinum⟩ , liquamen et inferes.
Teres piper, ligustici semen, origanu, cepam siccam, ouorum cottorum uitella, acetu, oleum. Haec in unum temperas et perfundes.
A crudo pisces quos uolueris labas, conponis in patinam, mittis oleum, liquamen, uinum, fasciculos porri et coriandri, coquitur. Teres piper, origanu, ligisticum et fasciculos quos elixasti, teres et suffundes inpesa de patina. Facis ut obliget. Cum bene tenuerit, piper asparso inferebis.
Rades pisces, lababis, in patinam conponis, adicies oleum, liquamen, uinu, fasciculos porri et coriandri, mittes ut coquatur. Adicies piper in mortario, frecabis, adicies oleum et parte aceti, uino, passo temperauis. Traicies in caccabo, ponis ut ferueat. Amolo obligabis et patinam piscium perfundis, insuper piper aspargis.
15
Rades, labas, conponis in patinam, adicies oleo, liquamen, uinu, in coctura fasciculum porri et coriandri, inponis ut coquatur. Teres piper, ligisticum, origanum, adicies de iure suo [hec de patella] , uino, passo temperas, mittis in caccabo, ponis ut ferueat, amulo obligabis et patella postea perfundes, piper aspargis et inferes.
Purgabis, conponis in patinam diligenter. Adicies in mortario piper, legisticum, origanum, menta, cepam arida, effundes uinu acetabuli, liquaminis dimidium, mellis tertiam partem, modice defritu ad cucliare. Debent autem hoc iure coperiri, ut super cocturam supersit aliquid iuris.
Teres piper, ligisticum, api semen, effundes acetum, liquamen, ouorum uitella et mixta in unum perfundis et inferes.
Teres piper, ligisticum, api semen, origanum, suffundes acetum, adicies nucleos pineos, cariota quod satis sit, mel, acetu, liquamen, sinapem. Temperabis et uteris.
Rades, purgas, conponis in patinam, adicies liquamen, oleum, uinum, fasciculum porri et coriandri semen, mittis ut coquatur. Teres piper modicum, origanum, suffundis ius ⟨de⟩ suo sibi, adicies iuri dicem cruda oua, dissoluis et in unum corpus facies. Traicies in patinam super solias, ad ignem lentum pones ut decoquat et, cum duxerit, piper aspargis.
20
Assas porcellum diligenter, facies mortarium sic, in quo teres piper, anetu, origanum, coriandrum uiride, admisces mel, uinum, liquamen, oleum, acetu, defritu. Hec omnia calefacta perfundes et aspargis uua passa, nucleos pineos et cepam concisam et sic inferes.
Porcellum accipies, ornauis, coque in oleo et liquamine. Cum coquitur, adicies in mortario piper, ruta, baca lauri, liquamen, passu siue carenu, uino uetus, simul omnia teres, temperas et traicies in patinam eneam, mittis eum (22) porcellum, eo iure percoque. Cum autem leuas, obligabis amalo et sic in uas transferes et inferes.
Porcellum lactentem pridie occisum elixas sale et anetu et in aqua frigida adsidue intingis ut candorem habeat. Deinde condimenta uiridia, timmum, polleium modicum, oba dura, ciba concisa minuta, ea omnia superspargis et condis liquamen emina una, olei pondo uno, passo pondo uno, et sic ministras.
Porcellum accuratum ornauis et mittis in iuscellum sic condito: adicies in mortario piper grana L, mellis quantum conpedat, cepas siccas III, coriandri uiridis siue sicci modicum, liquaminis emina, olei sextarium I, aque emina I, simul temperas in caccabulo. Mittis in eo porcellum. Dum bullire ceperit, saepius agitauis ut spissum fiat. Si aliquid minus iuris facere ceperit, tunc adicies emina I aque. Sic percoque et sic porcellum inferes.
25
Teres in mortario piper, ligisticum, careum, misces ciminum paululum, lasar uiuum, lasaris radicem, suffundis acetum, addis nucleos pineos, cariotam, mel, acetum, liquamen, senape factu. Oleo omnia temperas et perfundis.
Mittis in mortario piper, ligisticum aut anesum, coriandrum, ruta, baca lauri, fricauis, suffundis liquamen, porro, passi siue mellis modicum, uinum modicum, olei aliquantum. Cum coxeris, amulo obligauis.
De agno decoriato facies cupadiola, lababis diligenter, mittes in caccabo. Adicies oleum, liquamen, uinum, porrum, coriandrum cultro concisum. Cum bullire ceperit, sepius agitabis et inferes.
Edi intestinas bene purgatas imples piper, liquamen, lasar, oleum et intra aedum mittes et bene consues et cum aedo simul cocuntur. Et cum decoxerit, adicies in mortario ruta, baca lauri et leuato edo adque exugato ipso iure perfundis et sic ponis.
Teres piper, lasar, baca lauri, admisces cum inogaru et sic turdo per guttor imples et filo ligauis. Et facies ei impesa in qua decocantur, quae habeat oleum, sales, aqua, anetu et capita porrorum.
30
Aperies, ornauis diligenter, teres piper, lasar, liquamen modicum, infundis ipsas turtures ut combibant siui et sic assas.
Teres in mortario piper, apio, menta et ruta, suffundis acetum, addis cariotam, mel, acetum, liquamen, oleum. Simul coques et inferes.
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Text: Perseus Digital Library, licensed CC BY-SA. Dictionary: Lewis & Short (Perseus, CC BY-SA). Morphology: LatinCy — machine parsing, corrected against the AGDT & PROIEL treebanks and Morpheus.